PROPOSAL OF A MODEL FOR LOCATING ARTESIAN WELLS TO SERVE THE POPULATION AFFECTED BY DROUGHTS
Keywords:
Facility location, Artesian wells, Disaster, Drought, Brazilian semiaridAbstract
The drilling of artesian wells is one of the measures adopted to provide water to communities affected by the drought. However, there are technical challenges related to determining drilling locations that increase the chances of obtaining productive wells. In addition, funds allocated for this type of work are usually quite limited, which requires efficient application. Since the objective is to supply the most affected population, it is necessary to prioritize the beneficiaries. In this sense, this article proposes a model for locating artesian wells that takes into account physical aspects, in order to increase the success rate in obtaining productive wells, and social aspects, aiming to prioritize the communities most affected by drought. A multi-objective programming model was developed and applied to a case study with 739 points of the Carro-Pipa Operation in the Brazilian semiarid region. Two multi-objective optimizations were performed: one considering the drought risk index as a model parameter and another without. The analysis of the results showed the social gain obtained by considering this index, in addition to showing that the consideration of the probability of occurrence of groundwater as a restriction for the location of wells can lead to an increase in the success rates in drilling.
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